Abstract
The technological process of vibrational digging-up of sugar beet has spread in many sugar beet-sowing coun- tries. The experience of using this process demonstrated its advantages compared against other ways of dig- ging-up, but there have been scarce experimental researches of the vibrational digging-up of sugar beet from soil which makes this topic urgent for sugar beet production. Aim. The experimental determination of rational parameters and modes of the vibrational digging-up working tool to ensure the required quality of conducting the technological process of digging sugar beet from soil. Methods. The methods of planning a multifactor ex- periment, fi eld studies, statistical processing, regression analysis of the experimental data with building graphic curves were applied. Results. A new model of a tool for vibrational digging-up of sugar beet from soil has been elaborated. The accepted program and method were used to conduct experimental research on the impact of the main construction and technological parameters of the vibrational digging-up working tool of the beet harvester on the quality indices of performing the technological process of harvesting sugar beet. The energy parameters of new vibrational digging-up working tools were studied in fi eld conditions via registering the values of tenzometric sensors in different modes of the device and different parameters and working modes of the vibrational digging-up tools. Conclusions. It was established that there is a value of the vibration frequency and running depth in soil of the vibrational digging-up working tool for each value of the translational veloc- ity of the vibrational digging-up machine which corresponds to minimal losses and damage to crop roots. It was also found that the degree of crop root damage depends on the conditions of performing the technological process of vibrational digging-up (soil solidity and humidity), and the weight of damaged crop roots increases with the increase in solidity and the decrease in humidity of soil.
Highlights
The conditions, required for the technological process of beet harvesting, are ensuring the performance, decreasing the energy losses and increasing the quality of the harvested products
It was important to investigate the dependence of the crop root losses on the solidity and humidity of soil during the vibrational digging-up
The study of the loss of sugar beet losses depending on the velocity of the translational movement (X1) and the running depth of the working tools (X ) was studied under different working conditions
Summary
The conditions, required for the technological process of beet harvesting, are ensuring the performance, decreasing the energy losses and increasing the quality of the harvested products. As for beet harvesters, the required condition of ensuring the quality of performing the technological process is avoiding the damage to crop roots while they are dug up, ¿rst and foremost. There is a need to investigate the process of vibrational digging-up and to use its results to determine kinematic and constructive parameters of the digging-up working tools on condition of avoiding damage to the crop roots. Many years of using this process demonstrated a number of its advantages compared against other methods of digging-up. This technological process requires further detailed analytical and experimental research which will lay the foundation for the elaboration of improved vibrational digging-up working tools
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