Abstract
Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE) is a low-viscosity oxygenated fuel that can improve the volatility of blended fuels. In this work, the macroscopic and microscopic spray characteristics of diesel-PODE3-4 under different ambient temperatures and injection pressures (IP) are studied. The studied blends consisted of pure diesel (P0), two diesel blend fuels of 20% (P20) and 50% (P50) by volume fraction of PODE3-4. The Mie scattering and Schlieren imaging techniques are used in the experiment. The results show that with the increase in IP, the vapor phase penetration distance and the average cone angle of the three fuels increased, and the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of the three fuels decreased. When the ambient temperature increased, the vapor phase projection area and the average vapor phase cone angle of P20 and P50 increased, and the SMD decreased, but the vapor phase projection area of pure diesel did not change significantly. The results indicate that the blended fuel with PODE3-4 has better spray characteristics than P0 at low temperature, and the SMD hierarchy between the three fuels is P0 > P20 > P50. Through the visualization experiment, it is helpful to further understand the evaporation characteristics of different fuel properties and develop appropriate alternative diesel fuel.
Highlights
Diesel engines are widely used in ships, generators and heavy trucks due to their high power output and high thermal efficiency [1,2,3]
Biodiesel contains no aromatic hydrocarbons, which is capable for reduction of unburned hydrocarbons (HC), particulate matter (PM) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions
The results showed that the evaporation characteristics of the fuel blend increased the spray spreading angle and projected area, though they had little influence on the spray penetration distance, whereas the combustion phenomenon spread from the periphery behind the spray tip to the forward of the spray and to the nozzle
Summary
Diesel engines are widely used in ships, generators and heavy trucks due to their high power output and high thermal efficiency [1,2,3]. Due to the related environmental problems, the shortage of oil resources and the requirements of national laws and regulations in recent years, the internal combustion engines, which depend on traditional oil as the power source, have been severely challenged, and the quest to find a novel fuel mixed with diesel fuel is seen as a solution to these problems [4,5]. Alcohols and ethers are the most suitable additives for compression ignition internal combustion engines [6,7]. Many countries are committed to developing biofuels. In Europe, bioeconomy has been well developed especially in Ireland, Denmark, Portugal and Austria [8]. Colombia’s government has implemented laws about promoting biodiesel production industry [10]. Hassaan et al [11] suggested that the Egyptian government should pay more attention to the construction of biogas and biomethane production plants in the future
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