Abstract
1000 ppmw Sm3+-doped Ge19.4Sb9.7Se67.9Ga3 atomic % chalcogenide bulk glass and unstructured fiber are prepared. Near- and mid-infrared absorption spectra of the bulk glass reveal Sm3+ electronic absorption bands, and extrinsic vibrational absorption bands, due to host impurities. Fiber photoluminescence, centred at 3.75 µm and 7.25 µm, is measured when pumping at either 1300 or 1470 nm. Pumping at 1470 nm enables the photoluminescent lifetime at 7.3 µm to be measured for the first time which was ∼100 µs. This is the longest to date, experimentally observed lifetime in the 6.5-9 µm wavelength-range of a lanthanide-doped chalcogenide glass fiber.
Highlights
The mid-infrared (MIR) region (3-50 μm wavelength range) [1] houses the fundamental vibrational absorption bands of molecules
With medical applications in mind, lanthanide-doped MIR solid-state fiber lasers have the potential to operate at wavelengths between 6-9 μm and so be resonant with the so-called amide I, II and III tissue absorption bands at wavelengths: 5.90-6.15 μm; ∼6.45 μm (N-H, C-H) and 7.63-8.33 μm (N-H, C-H), respectively, [4] with the capacity to provide a new generation of precision surgical lasers [5] to potentially minimise collateral damage to surrounding tissue
Lanthanide-doped MIR solid-state fiber lasers operating as pulsed lasers in the MIR spectral region are needed in the wavelength range 4-7 μm for pumping chalcogenide glass fiber MIR supercontinuum lasers, to enable a compact, all-fiber solution, for use in MIR endoscopic probes to provide in vivo chemical mapping of tissue for disease diagnostics [6,7]
Summary
The mid-infrared (MIR) region (3-50 μm wavelength range) [1] houses the fundamental vibrational absorption bands of molecules. Walsh et al [3] have recently compared the attributes of both currently available and future potential MIR laser sources They emphasized the advantages of active lanthanide-doped MIR solid-state lasers, of high power, or energy, output; narrow spectral linewidth; a wide variety of pulse widths and pulse repetition rates; broad tunability; efficient operation via direct diode laser pumping and excellent beam quality. Lanthanide-doped MIR solid-state fiber lasers operating as pulsed lasers in the MIR spectral region are needed in the wavelength range 4-7 μm for pumping chalcogenide glass fiber MIR supercontinuum lasers, to enable a compact, all-fiber solution, for use in MIR endoscopic probes to provide in vivo chemical mapping of tissue for disease diagnostics [6,7]
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