Abstract
The pathophysiology of Oriental hybrid lilies poisoning in cats was studied. Clinically normal eighteen domestic shorthair cats were orally dosed with 0, 1.5, 2.5 g wet weight of homogenate lily flower petals per kg body weight by a nasogastric tube in the study (n=3/sex/dose level). Blood and urine samples were collected before and after dosing. The cats of all treated groups presented anorexia, vomiting, lethargy and depression within 0.5 h after dosing. Serum levels of Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Glutamyl transferase (GGT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatinine (CREA), Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Creatine kinase (CK) were increased in all treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. Severe hepatocellular vacuolation was present in the cats of 2.5 g/kg group. Mild and diffuse vacuolar degeneration was observed in the renal tubule epithelium of cortex and medulla in the cats of the same group. This study indicated that oriental hybrid lily is hepatotoxic to cats, associated with some effects on myocardium and kidneys.
Highlights
Lilium spp. is a common herbaceous flowering plant with more than 100 species including tiger lilies (Lilium tigrinum Britton and Brow.), daily lilies (Hemerocallis spp.), Easter lilies (Lilium longiflorum Thun.) and Oriental hybrid [1]
Our study showed that 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg Oriental hybrid lily petals were lethal to cats
All cats receiving a high dose of lilies had salivation, vomiting, depression, hypothermia, bradycardia, bradypnea, seizure, shock and incontinence
Summary
Lilium spp. is a common herbaceous flowering plant with more than 100 species including tiger lilies (Lilium tigrinum Britton and Brow.), daily lilies (Hemerocallis spp.), Easter lilies (Lilium longiflorum Thun.) and Oriental hybrid [1]. They had been reported to cause intoxication in cats which consumed incidentally [2]. There were many case reports of lily poisoning in cats, the pathophysiology of lilies toxicosis has not been studied systematically and experimentally. In order to study the mechanism of lily poisoning, we fed domestic shorthair cats the petals of Oriental hybrid lilies at different dosages in two phases. This study provides a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of lily poisoning in clinical practice
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