Abstract
Recently, the use of full Poincaré beams for extracting the Mueller matrix of a sample has been proposed. These beams present all possible polarization states across their transverse section. By placing a CCD camera behind a simple polarization analyzer formed by a quarter wave phase plate and a linear polarizer, a polarization map of the beam cross section can be obtained. This polarization map is modified when a sample is inserted before the polarization state analyzer. Comparison of these two polarization maps allows to obtain the Mueller matrix of the sample. An overdetermined system of linear equations (thousands of equations) can be written from this comparison. Standard mathematical methods are used to find optimum solution of this overdetermined system of equations. Some experimental results will be presented to check the performance of the proposed polarimetric method.
Highlights
The use of non-uniformly totally polarized (NUTP) beams [1, 2] has been proposed as parallel polarization states generator (PSG) for Mueller polarimetry [3,4]
If four independent states of totally polarized light are present across the NUTP beam section [9], the complete Mueller matrix can be measured for any sample [10,11]
The so-called full Poincaré beams (FPBs) contain all possible polarization states across its transverse section [9,12,13] and are candidates to be used as parallel PSGs
Summary
The use of non-uniformly totally polarized (NUTP) beams [1, 2] has been proposed as parallel polarization states generator (PSG) for Mueller polarimetry [3,4]. Experimental measurement of Mueller matrices has been done by using azimuthally [5] or spirally [6] polarized beams In these cases, only linear polarization states are present across the beam section, so that only a partial Mueller matrix can be obtained, but this is enough for recovering the whole matrix for homogeneous and deterministic samples [5,6,7,8]. If four independent states of totally polarized light are present across the NUTP beam section [9], the complete Mueller matrix can be measured for any sample [10,11]. Numerical simulations using different strategies to obtain the Mueller matrix of the sample from these data have been recently presented.
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