Experimental Models of Penile and Lower Limb Transplantation: Are They Really Translational?

Abstract

The purpose of this review is to evaluate the recent literature about animal models for penile and lower limb transplantation, regarding their relevance to the clinical scenario. Although both penile and lower limb transplantations have been sharing same problems with all other vascularized composite allotransplantations, they have their unique issues that need to be addressed. There is no appropriate animal model to demonstrate functions of both penile and lower limb transplantation. We reevaluate and underline the interesting and important findings of the certain animal models of the penile and lower limb transplantation. Current and future clinical applicability and feasibility have also been discussed.