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Abstract
In this paper, we measured the molecular diffusivity and evaporation rate of organic solvents—1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and propylene carbonate (PC)—in ambient air, which are commonly used in light metal batteries, such as Li-ion, Li-air, and Na-O2 batteries. The measurement was conducted through the evolution of the evaporation rate of a liquid solvent in a glass tube, which was designed based on a one-dimensional (1-D) mass transfer model. The experiment successfully measured the diffusion coefficients of DME (0.0925 cm2 s−1), DMC (0.2116 cm2 s−1), and DEC (0.0569 cm2 s−1) in dry air, but failed for that of PC. The PC testing showed a liquid loss smaller than the measurement uncertainty due to its slow evaporation rate under the experimental condition. In the ambient air with the relative humidity (RH) of 50 ± 5%, higher water-soluble solvents showed more decrease in diffusivity calculation compared to that under the dry condition, which is likely due to uncertainty arising from water dissolving to the testing liquid. In addition, we also investigated the time constant for experimental measurement. For the organic liquids, the effective running time can be up to 10 days under room temperature.
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