Experimental Measurement and Modeling of Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium for the Ternary System Water + 1-Propanol + Glycerol

Abstract

Vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data were reported for the ternary system water + 1-propanol + glycerol at 100 kPa. The NRTL equation was used for the modeling of ternary VLE. Binary parameters of water + glycerol were fixed as the same for water + ethanol + glycerol and were taken from the literature. The ternary VLE data, together with literature results of binary VLE data and infinite dilution activity coefficients for water +1-propanol, were used for the modeling. To extend the glycerol composition range and the temperature range, infinite dilution activity coefficients of 1-propanol in glycerol were measured in a temperature range of 313.15 to 393.15 K, and were used in the modeling. The correlation provided good agreement for all the source data. It is shown that the infinite dilution activity coefficients provide key information for reliable correlation in a wide composition range. With the addition of glycerol, the azeotrope of water + 1-propanol can be removed at a glycerol mole fraction of 0.398,...