Abstract

Champlain Sea clay is a sensitive marine clay which can lose more than 90% of its strength when disturbed. Organic silty clay, commonly found in Ontario, has a high compressibility and a low shear strength. In this experimental study, different binders were applied to Champlain Sea clay and organic silty clay to improve its strength properties. The results indicate that cement and slag/cement can significantly improve the strength of these problematic clays. A cement dosage ranging from 150 kg/m3 to 250 kg/m3 can consistently improve the undrained shear strength of Champlain Sea clay and organic silty clay with the maximum strength improvement ratio of 10 and 18 respectively. A slag/cement dosage of 290 kg/m3 with a mass ratio of 3:1 can improve the undrained shear strength of Champlain Sea clay for more than 50 times. Lime was found to be effective in treating organic silty clay as well.

Highlights

  • 1.1 General Background Champlain Sea clay, known asLeda clay, is a type of sensitive and fine grained clay commonly found along the St

  • Steep slope excavation at 45o collapsed after one day, and a 34o excavation collapsed two weeks later. These findings prove the difficult nature of working with Champlain Sea clay, especially in a pavement construction context where repetitive loading from large construction equipment would be applied to the subgrade on a daily basis

  • 2.7 Summary This chapter introduced the composition of sensitive marine clay and organic silty clay in Ontario

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Summary

Introduction

1.1 General Background Champlain Sea clay, known asLeda clay, is a type of sensitive and fine grained clay commonly found along the St. Organic clayey silt to silty clay was found at the intersection between Highway 400 and Side Road 16th in the York Region of Ontario. This chapter introduces the experimental program utilized to test the feasibility of DMM to treat sensitive marine clay and organic silty clay. 3.2 Experi mental Program for Champl ai n Sea Cl ay and Organi c Si l ty cl ay Experimental studies were conducted in the laboratory to verify the validity of using cement, slag/cement, and lime binder to treat sensitive Champlain Sea clay and organic silty clay.

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