Abstract
AbstractThis paper presents experimental results on partial-breach dam-break flows. Three-dimensional (3D) flood waves resulting from an instantaneous breach of a dam are experimentally investigated by combining different measurement techniques. The dam-break flow is initiated by quickly lifting a gate separating a reservoir and a downstream dry basin. Three different initial upstream water depths are considered. The study utilizes the digital particle tracking velocimetry (DPTV) technique for measuring the free-surface velocity and water depth. Stereoscopic configuration of two high definition video cameras recording the movement of hollow plastic balls enabled measurement of the 3D velocity field and the water-surface elevation in the near field. The pressure head is measured by pressure transducers at various locations. Ultrasonic velocity profilers (UVP) are used to obtain velocity profiles in the emptying reservoir. A simple nondimensional relationship for the variation of water-surface elevation in ...
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