Abstract
Stepped chutes and flip buckets are the most prevalent energy dissipators in emergency spillways at dams. Given the impact that scour depth has on the stability and safety of these structures, the effects of stepped and smooth chutes on the local scour process downstream of a flip bucket for various hydraulic and geometric conditions were experimentally investigated in the present study. Experiments were conducted for 1:1 and 1:2 chute slopes (V: H), bucket exit angles of 15° and 30°, and a ratio of critical flow depth to step height (yc/h) between 0.53 and 0.97. The comparison of results revealed that installing steps over the chute profile reduced the maximum scour depth downstream in range of 15–51 percent, compared to smooth chute. By changing chute slope from 1:1 to 1:2, the maximum scour depth was reduced by an average of 16 and 25 percent for smooth and stepped chutes, respectively.
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