Abstract
Soil Thermo-Physical Properties (TPP) depend on heat transfer in the soil. This paper presents a study on different soil solarisation technologies influenced by soil TPP. This study evaluates three factors: The tillage depth for soil at three levels (15, 25 and 45 cm), the number of plastic film at three levels (single, double and without plastic film) and three cases of fertilizers (chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer and without fertilizer). The parameters explored in this study include soil bulk density (Mg/cm3), soil porosity (%), soil volumetric moisture content (cm3/cm3) and soil thermal diffusivity (m2/sec). Data management and analysis were performed using SAS 9.1 statistical software and the spilt-plot under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The results show that soil Tillage Depth (TD) strongly influences TPP, as well as a significant effect on soil bulk density (ρb), porosity (Φ), volumetric moisture content (θ) and thermal diffusivity (D). The results also reveal that a tillage depth of 15 cm produces lower values of ρb, θ and D (1.25 Mg/cm3, 0.131 cm3/cm3 and 1.24×10-6 m2/sec, respectively) and a higher value of Φ (52.78%). In addition, the finding indicates that ρb is increased by increasing TD. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of plastic film and parameters studied. The soil double plastic film produced lower values of ρb and D for soil (1.253 Mg/cm3, 7.76×10-7m2/sec). However, it recorded higher values for Φ and θ for soil (52.70% and 0.231 cm3/cm3, respectively). Furthermore, the current study shows significant differences between the types of fertilizers on ρb. Organic Fertilizer (OF) obtained a lower value of ρb (1.2 Mg/m3), compared with chemical fertilizer and without fertilizer (1.28 and 1.31 Mg/m3, respectively). In contrast, contrary to expectations, this study did not find significant differences between the types of fertilizer on D and θ for soil. A positive correlation was found in the interaction between the studied factors in the parameters. Furthermore, D increased with increasing soil bulk density (pb) and tillage depth.
Highlights
D increased with increasing soil bulk density and tillage depth
The results show a significant difference in tillage depth in soil bulk density
This study presented an experimental investigation of soil solarisation technology on soil thermo-physical properties
Summary
Soil Thermo-Physical Properties (TPP) are widely used parameters of soil physics in the field of agricultural and especially in applications concerning soil energy balance (Alrtimi et al, 2016; An et al, 2016; Andújar Márquez et al, 2016; Genesio et al, 2012; Logsdon et al, 2010; Rajeev and Kodikara, 2016; Ravazzani et al, 2015; Usowicz et al, 2016; Wu et al., 2017; Xiukang et al, 2015). Soil Solarisation Technology (SST) is an important practical method of increasing soil temperature by using solar radiation, playing a key role in improving and controlling soil properties, including in crop fields (Keesstra et al, 2016; Moreno et al, 2016). SST strongly affects the establishment of microclimates that lead to increased fertilizer productivity in soil, reduces soil irrigation consumption (Cerdà et al, 2016; Jiang et al., 2017; Mahdavi et al, 2017; Wu et al, 2017; Zhou et al., 2017), affects soil temperature
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