Abstract
Among all recognized severe plastic deformation techniques, a new method, called the equal channel forward extrusion process, has been experimentally studied. It has been shown that this method has similar characteristics to other severe plastic deformation methods, and the potential of this new method was examined on the mechanical properties of commercial pure aluminum. The results indicate that approximate 121%, 56%, and 84% enhancements, at the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and Vickers micro-hardness measurement are, respectively, achieved after the fourth pass, in comparison with the annealed condition. The results of drop weight impact test showed that the increment of 26% at the impact force, and also decreases of 32%, 15%, and 4% at the deflection, impulse, and absorbed energy, are respectively attained for the fourth pass when compared to the annealed condition. Furthermore, the electron backscatter diffraction examination revealed that the average grain size of the final pass is about 480 nm.
Highlights
In the last decade, production and application of ultra-fine grain (UFG) and nano-structure (NS)metals and alloys have been deeply studied by researchers and scientists in the material science field [1,2]
The equal channel forward extrusion (ECFE) process has been successfully performed on Al1070 billets up to four passes
After designing and manufacturing the die set-up, the capability of this new method has been investigated via tensile test, hardness examination, drop weight impact test, and grain size measurement on commercial pure aluminum billets, which were extruded up to four passes at room temperature
Summary
Metals and alloys have been deeply studied by researchers and scientists in the material science field [1,2]. These materials possess improved mechanical properties at the room temperature and enhanced superplastic behavior at higher temperatures [3,4]. In the bottom-up method, the UFG or NS materials are synthesized, atom-by-atom, and, in layer-by-layer arrangement, and that these samples possess small dimensions with porous structures, which are rarely appropriate for industrial applications. In the top-down approach, micro-structure (MS) materials at the industry scale have been altered to UFG, and even NS ones, using severe plastic deformation (SPD).
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