Experimental investigation of the electrochemical detection of sulfamethoxazole using copper oxide-MoS2 modified glassy carbon electrodes

Abstract

An electrochemical sensor detection of sulfamethoxazole was performed using a copper oxide Molybdenum sulfide modified glassy carbon electrode using Molybdenum sulfide (CuO/MoS2) functionalization. As part of the characterization process, materials were characterized via cyclic voltammetry (CV), Square wave voltammetry (SWV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To optimize the performance of the experiment, parameters like the scan rate and pH, the electrolytes study, the stability, the comparative study and repeatability were optimized. In comparison to CuO, MoS2 and bare Glassy carbon electrode (GCE), an electrochemical sensor that incorporated CuO/MoS2 exhibited exceptional electrochemical performance. CuO/MoS2 modified electrodes showed a higher peak current for oxidation compared with bare, CuO and MoS2 modified electrodes, which demonstrated enhanced electrochemical conductivity for detection of SMX by minimizing oxidation potential from +0.18 V to +0.10 V. In the range of 100–800 μl SMX concentrations, the peak current linearly correlated with the concentration of SMX. In the calibration plot, the modified electrode showed linearity under ideal circumstances for SMX concentrations starting at 0.3 μM. This study investigated the presence of SMX with a detection limit of 0.34 Pg/L. CuO/MoS2 based electrochemical sensor, according to our analysis, are potentially useful in applications requiring the detection of trace amounts of SMX.