Abstract
Many industrial processes including food, mining, material and pharmaceuticals involve the handling of granular materials. Thetendency of granular materials to segregate due to variation of certain parameters as well as differences in particle propertiessuch as size, density, shape negatively affect the process efficiency and product quality. In this study, the segregation phenomenaof different large particles in a granular bed were studied experimentally in a Perspex box that was vibrated vertically. In particular, the effect of frequency, bed depth, particle size and density were investigated. The result showed that the segregationat relatively constant acceleration was found to decrease within the frequency range 20 Hz-40 Hz. On the other hand, thesegregation then increases with increasing frequency. Furthermore, within the same frequency range, segregation was observedto further decrease with increasing acceleration, and then gradually starts decreasing exponentially with frequency. In addition,the segregation rate was higher at a greater bed depth for all vibratory conditions. The segregation trend was found to increasewith the size of the particles for all vibratory conditions. Nonetheless, for all vibratory conditions, the segregation rate was lowerfor intruder particles with higher density
Highlights
IntroductionA further definition of segregation is given by Hogg, R, who describes it as a consequence of the differences in the basic particle properties [2]
In an attempt to observe the “Brazil nut effect” (BNE), a non-cohesive granular material subjected to vertical vibration in a container (Perspex box) containing dry sand of particles size ranging from 26μm - 2000μm was used in this study
The segregation of granular materials subjected to vertical vibration was investigated
Summary
A further definition of segregation is given by Hogg, R, who describes it as a consequence of the differences in the basic particle properties [2] These properties can be defined in terms of structure, size, shape and composition. D et al, experimentally examined the influence of vibration frequency on the movement of a single large sphere in a granular bed (consisting of sand) that was vibrated vertically [3]. While the large single particle experiences upward movement during vibration, the small particles were observed to flow underneath. This causes the large particle to ascend to the top. In addition the work identifies the mechanisms of segregation: percolation fines, trajectory segregation and the rise of coarse particles due to vibration [5]
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