Abstract
High-pressure hydrogen leakage is one of the bottlenecks restricting the development of the hydrogen energy industry. In this study, a high-pressure helium leakage experimental system with stable pressure was built to research the influence of aspect ratio on concentration decay rate and mass flow rate. Similar to the circular nozzle, the centerline helium concentration of the rectangular jet is also inversely proportional to the distance from the nozzle. For the rectangular nozzles with aspect ratio of 1–4, the helium concentration decay rate is consistent with the circular nozzle when the leakage pressure is lower than 6.5 MPa. However, the decay rate is obviously larger for rectangular nozzles with aspect ratio of 10 when the leakage pressure is greater than 5.0 MPa. The aspect ratio has a greater influence on the flow coefficient, which increases with the aspect ratio under the same leakage pressure. To comprehensively consider the effects of nozzle size and shape, a weighted characteristic diameter of equivalent diameter and rectangular width, dc=αde+1−αdw, was proposed in this study. The results indicate that the equivalent diameter has greater impact on the centerline concentration decay rate, while the width of nozzles has substantial influence on the flow coefficient.
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