Abstract
Experiments conducted on a beam-type backward-wave amplifier which closely approximates the theoretical thin-beam model used in the large-signal analysis of Sedin have resulted in gain and phase shift characteristics which are in good quantitative agreement with the adiabatic portion of both the Sedin and Gandhi-Rowe theories. Efficiencies approaching the theoretically-predicted maximum have been observed. By driving the amplifier to very large signal levels a conversion efficiency for power available from the initial potential energy of the beam of 63 per cent was obtained with a corresponding value of 45 per cent for the total electronic efficiency. An important feature of this experimental amplifier is the electron gun design which is based on a theory by Kino. That this gun is capable of producing a well-confined, rectilinear-flow thin beam is demonstrated by visual observations of the beam thickness which indicate that <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\omega_{c}/\omega_{p}</tex> is as low as 1.17, a value close to that for a laminar-flow Brillouin beam ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\omega_{c} = \omega_{p}</tex> ).
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