Abstract
Severe nuclear accidents can cause over-pressurization and serious damage to the containment of a nuclear power plant, which can result in the release of radioactivity into the environment. Filtered containment venting systems are a nuclear safety system that is designed to control over-pressurization and prevent radioactive fission products from spreading into the environment in the case of a severe accident. Iodine is one of the most harmful products among this list of fissionable products, as it can cause thyroid cancer. The removal of iodine is very important in order to ensure the safety of people and the environment. Thus, an indigenous lab scale setup of this system was developed at PIEAS to conduct research on iodine removal. It is comprised of a compressor for replicating high-pressure accident scenarios, a heater to keep iodine in a vapor form, a dosing pump for the injection of iodine, and a venturi scrubber, submerged in the scrubbing column, containing a solution of 0.2% sodium thiosulphate and 0.5% sodium hydroxide. Inlet and outlet samples were trapped in 0.1 M KOH solution and analyzed via UV-VIS spectroscopy. Operating parameters play an important role in the working of a venturi scrubber. The throat velocity was varied to determine its influence on the removal efficiency of iodine. An increase in removal efficiency was observed with an increase in throat velocity. A removal efficiency of >99% was achieved, which fulfilled the requirements for FCVS.
Highlights
Nuclear power plants are reliable sources of energy
After major nuclear accidents, such as TMI, Chernobyl, and Fukushima, many concerns have been raised regarding the safety of people and the environment in case a beyond-design-based accident takes place
In a severe accident scenario, containment pressure can surpass the allowable limit of pressure; this can lead to ruptures or explosions, resulting in the spread of radioactivity into environment
Summary
Nuclear power plants are reliable sources of energy. They are comprised of very specific design with a wide range of safety margins. Extensive research has been conducted on safety systems for beyond-design-based accidents [1] and a system named the filtered containment venting system (FCVS) was suggested as a solution to this problem. Main objective of this system was to protect the integrity of containment of a power plant and prevent radioactivity from spreading out into the environment. Iodine, being one of most volatile as it containstroaxdicioraacdtiiovaecptirvoedpurcotds.uIcotds,incaen, bceaiunsge othnyeroofidmcoasntcvero;lathtiules,aintsdretomxoicvaral disionaecc-essary fo tive productss,acfaentycoafupseeotphlye.roTihdiscsaynscteerm; tchounst,aiintssraegmroouvpaloifssncreucebsbsearrsyfofor rthtehreesmaofevtayl ooff radioact people. This sfryosmtemcocnotanitnaminesnat gariro,uapndofcslecarunbabierriss ftohrenthveernetmedovoault.oSf crraudbiobaecrstivpiltayyfaronmimportant containment ainir,thanisdscylsetaenma.iVr iasritohuesn tvyepnetsedofosuctr.uSbcbruerbsbherasvpe lbaeyeannuismedp,obrtuatnvt eronlteuirni stchrius bbers ar system. Itnhethriesmsotuvdayl ,etfhfiecitehnrcoyatofgaiosdvineleo.city was varied to determine its effect on the removal efficiency of iodine
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