Abstract
The effect of deposition pattern on the temperature and global distortion of Direct Metal Tooling (DMT) based Additive Manufactured (AM) is investigated through the experimental results of laser deposited SUS316. DMT is one of the Directed Energy Deposition (DED) processes. In situ temperature measurements were used to monitor the temperature of the substrates and global distortion patterns were analyzed using CMM (coordinate Measuring Machine) after the deposition. Six different patterns combining long raster and short raster patterns were considered for the case studies. The results showed that the deposition pattern affects the temperature gradient and that the peak temperature of each layer can increase or decrease according to the sequence of the deposition pattern. Also, the pattern of the first layer had a dominant influence on the longitudinal bending deflection that occurs. Based on these results, appropriate tool path schedule can be utilized to control not only the distortion but also the peak temperature of the DMT-based AM parts.
Highlights
Direct Metal Tooling (DMT)based Additive Manufacturing (AM) is one of the Directed EnergyDeposition (DED) processes where metal powder is fused by focused laser thermal energy to deposit material onto a substrate or pre-existing part [1,2]
In situ temperature measurements were used to monitor the temperature of the substrates and global distortion patterns were analyzed using coordinate-measurement machine (CMM) (Coordinate Measuring Machine) after the deposition
In the case of the short raster pattern, the maximum temperature gradually increases with rise and fall, whereas in the case of the long raster pattern, the maximum temperature gradient increases with a rapid temperature gradient and the temperature tends to decrease with a rapid temperature gradient in each layer
Summary
Direct Metal Tooling (DMT)based Additive Manufacturing (AM) is one of the Directed EnergyDeposition (DED) processes where metal powder is fused by focused laser thermal energy to deposit material onto a substrate or pre-existing part [1,2]. The DMT-based AM technology is generally able to build parts at a faster rate than the Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) process with low, controllable heat input compared to arc-based AM process [3]. These advantages make DMT-based AM an effective process for repairing and surface coating of high value parts such aerospace components [4]. When the part is fabricated, the deposited material undergoes rapid heating and cooling cycles repeatedly as layers are added This thermal cycle generates uneven temperature distribution in the AM parts and causes distortion and residual stress and negatively affects the dimensional accuracy of the AM parts, as well as the fatigue strength [6]. Several researchers have studied techniques in order to reduce distortion of the AM parts
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