Abstract
This manuscript represents investigation of six different clay mixtures under variable drying conditions, namely: bright yellow clay (typical for Lithuania), brown clay (Lithuania Sergėnai district), mixture of different clays, white Spanish clay, clay mass which is resistant for thermal coldness (with synthetic cardigan) and Lithuanian coarse clay with granite additives. Drying process was provided imitating natural drying process and fast drying in drying oven at 110 C°. The main idea of this study – imitate clay and clay-straw buildings drying process and to determine which of used clay types had smallest volumetric and linear deformations. Volumetric and linear deformations for clay-straw buildings is one of the most important factors evaluating cracking in this type of buildings. To reach this purpose six tiles of different clay types were used. Before drying stage water content, plasticity, and liquid limits index, respectively was determined for all types of clay. All clay tiles volumetric and linear deformations before and after drying process were measured with specialized view analysis program in order not to damage samples’ form. According to the obtained results a clay type whith the smallest deforamations (volumetric and linear) was found. With the smallest volumetric and linear deformations clay-straw building is not only environmental friendly, sustainable and green, but it does not require a lot of maintenance during building life time.
Highlights
Nowadays more and more people choose to live in the clay-straw buildings
The biggest liquidity index was obtained for bright yellow clay, the smallest – clay mass which is resistant for thermal coldness
The biggest obtained linear deformation was for clay tiles made of white Spanish clay and the smallest linear deformations was for clay tiles made of bright yellow clay and Lithuanian coarse clay with granite additives
Summary
Nowadays more and more people choose to live in the clay-straw buildings. These buildings are environmentally friendly, whith main construction materials – clay and straw (Minke 2006). Clay-straw and straw buildings the highest payback of renewable energy production is obtained in demolition stage (Seyfang 2010; Bribian et al 2011), because mostly all construction materials are organic and environmentally friendly (Fig. 3). Architecture of such structures is rapidly improving because of increasing demand of these buildings (Mansour et al 2007; Walker 2004; Ashour et al 2010; Girkontas et al 2014; Torgal, Jalali 2012). For examined clays (Fig. 5) Atterberg limits (Amšiejus et al 2006; Medzvieckas et al 2004), plasticity index and liquidity index (LST EN ISO 146881:2007) were determined and they are shown in Figures 6 and 7
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