Abstract
Cavitation processes in gasoline were experimentally investigated with an objective of gathering measurement data for developing an appropriate numerical model with an intention of simulating flows in automotive fuel pumps. An experimental setup was manufactured to examine bubble growth and collapse processes in gasoline under different circumstances. Bubbles were found to collapse at only a considerably higher pressure than the one they were produced at resulting in a hysteresis in the bubble volume - absolute pressure diagram. According to the results a time-dependent deterministic model might be developed for the contraction phase in spite of nucleation being a stochastic phenomenon. Investigating the response of the system to small disturbances the experienced characteristics were very similar to those of heat conduction and diffusion equations leading to the conclusion that size changes of bubbles seem to be controlled by the heat and mass transport processes undergoing in their vicinity and the multico mponent diffusion effects can be responsible for the observed hysteresis. The experimental results established a good starting point for numerical model development.
Highlights
In automotive industry small side-channel pumps – the diameter of the impeller is approximately 30 - 40 mm – are used for fuel delivery
The key point is that bubbles produced at a given absolute pressure were found to collapse only at significantly higher pressure (1 – 2 bars higher) resulting is a hysteresis in the bubble volume – absolute pressure diagram (Fig. 2)
The investigation aims to provide experimental results for developing cavitation models which are capable of properly simulating fuel flow in fuel pumps
Summary
In automotive industry small side-channel pumps – the diameter of the impeller is approximately 30 - 40 mm – are used for fuel delivery. The total volume of these bubbles can be up to 30% of the flow field which all lead to the failure of fuel delivery especially at high temperatures. The key point is that bubbles produced at a given absolute pressure were found to collapse only at significantly higher pressure (1 – 2 bars higher) resulting is a hysteresis in the bubble volume – absolute pressure diagram (Fig. 2). This phenomenon cannot be simulated by the existing models which do not consider fuel as a mixture of different components interacting with each other instead they work with averaged thermodynamic parameters. The multicomponent diffusion processes in the vicinity of the bubble-liquid interface are assumed to be responsible for the aforementioned hysteresis
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