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Abstract
Abstract Plants experience a number of stresses in the environment, including those caused by salts, drought, heavy metals and frost. To maintain safety during winter, deicing salt (sodium chloride) is sprinkled over roads. In global practice, natural and laboratory investigations of the impact of road maintenance salts on various species of plants are carried out. So far in Lithuania, only single cases of such investigations have occurred. The aim of this investigation is to determine which of the analysed herbaceous vegetation species (perennial ryegrass, fescue grass, meadow‐grass) shows the highest degree of resistance to toxic impact of salts (stress), to set the toxic limits of salt concentrations and to analyse how salts impact on the core parameters of herbaceous vegetation. The investigation proves that NaCl content in the soil negatively affects the growing process of grass vegetation, i e it slows down increase of its above‐ground part and reduces its phytomass. During experiments it was determ...
Highlights
To ensure safe motor traffic in wintertime, salts are used on roads
Seeking to determine a negative effect of technical salts on the ecosystems in the environment of roads, Department of Environment Protection of Vilnius Gediminas Technical University investigated the impact of road maintenance salts on water ecosystems according to diatom flora investigation in the Verkiai pond and the Gineitiškiai lake in 2004
Road maintenance salt widely applied in Lithuania, i e crushed technical NaCl, treated with potassium ferrocyanide – (K4[Fe(CN)6]), was used in this investigation
Summary
To ensure safe motor traffic in wintertime, salts (most frequently sodium chloride) are used on roads. Reduction of salt use over 2 years clearly decreased accumulation of salt (Na+ and Cl), and visual damage to the growth of pine needles was determined in the areas located closer to roadsides. Changes of the air conditions have a significant impact on salt accumulation in needles and cause visual harm. It was determined that salts can have indirect impact on the spread of diseases of trees growing closer to roadsides, such as needle cast fungus (Lophodermium seditiosum) and pine aphid (Cinara pinea) [6]. The growth reduction and decay of Sphagnum recurvum peat moss revealed a possible impact of set NaCl concentrations in Pinhook Bog on peat mosses in the area impacted by road salts [9]. Road salt and drought even of a low degree have major impact on the increase of aphid population by roadsides [10]
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