Experimental investigation and multi-objective optimization of Nd:YAG laser micro-turning process of alumina ceramic using orthogonal array and grey relational analysis

Abstract

The present paper addresses an experimental investigation on the effect of process parameters during Nd:YAG laser micro-turning operation of 99% of alumina (Al2O3) ceramic materials. Taguchi methodology based experimental design was adopted for carrying out experimentations. The process parameters considered during machining are laser beam average power, pulse frequency, workpiece rotational speed and Y feed rate. Surface roughness (Ra) and micro-turning depth deviation were considered as the performance criteria for the present experimentation. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed to find out the significant process parameters during laser micro-turning process. The optimum process parametric settings were obtained by analyzing the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio values. Experiments on optimal process parametric settings of the responses have been carried out and overall error percentage in S/N ratio calculated is 3.59%. The mathematical model for each of the responses has been developed to predict the mentioned response criteria. Validity of the models have been checked through experiments and the overall error percentages of surface roughness (Ra) and micro-turning depth deviation for validation experiments are 2.83 and 2.96%, respectively. Further experiments have been conducted to study and analyse of the most contributing parameters on respective process criteria.