Abstract
The paper deals with the study of using the selective property of ultrasonic pulsating water jet for the disintegration of the interface created by bone cement between cemented femoral stem and trabecular bone tissue as a potential technique for revision arthroplasty. Six types of commercial bone cements based on Polymethyl Methacrylate were used for investigation. The cements were mixed using the DePuy - SmartMix® CTS / vacuum mixing bowl. Mechanical properties of hardened bone cements were determined by nanoindentation. The bone cement samples were disintegrated using the pulsating water jet technology. The water pressure varied between 8÷20 MPa. A circular nozzle with an orifice diameter of 0, 7 mm was used for water jetting. The stand-off distance from the target material was 2 mm and the traverse speed 1 mm/s. The volume of material removal and depth of created traces were measured by MicroProf FRT optical profilometer. The results positively support an assumption that pulsating water jet has a potential to be a suitable technique for the quick and safe disintegration of bone cement during revision arthroplasty.
Highlights
Removal of bone cement during revision arthroplasty is a very important factor of this surgical technique
Based on experiments it can be concluded that the pulsating water jet represents a potentially suitable technology for bone cement removal due to the relatively low pressures necessary for disintegration of the bone cement
Research will be focused on pulsating water jet disintegration effects on bone cements under changing technological conditions, such as traverse speed, stand-off distance, number of passes, frequency of pulses and nozzle orifice diameter
Summary
Removal of bone cement during revision arthroplasty is a very important factor of this surgical technique. Many authors have studied the opportunities of bone cement removal from the femoral canal. To reduce the cortical window and extended trochanteric osteotomy disadvantages, the authors Goto et al [26] studied cement-in-cement techniques. This technique is characterized by removing part of old bone cement, with a new prosthesis being inserted. Braren et al [27] demonstrated the use of excimer laser for the material removal of bone cement, but in experiments this tool was very slow. The first opportunities for PMMA bone cement removal by water jet were described by Honl et al [33]. Opportunities for the use of both plain and abrasive water jet as a cutting tool were investigated in study [34, 35, 36]
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