Abstract
Pedestrian’s movement is a complex dynamic process because of the diversity in their psychological characteristics, such as cognitive, emotion, attitude and demand, etc. Simulation of pedestrian flow evacuation from a room with asymmetrical pedestrian distribution is presented based on the improved floor field cellular automata model in this paper. This model aims to define the direction fuzzy visual field to describe the difference of pedestrian’s behavior in different environments, and present the region of pedestrian distribution in an exit to achieve the simulation of pedestrian flow evacuation with asymmetrical pedestrian distribution. When a pedestrian chooses the next target position, his behavior is affected by the repulsive force and the attractive force between pedestrians in direction fuzzy visual field, pedestrian’s distribution in exits, and the shortest distance from a pedestrian to his target position. It simulates the scenes of a single exit and four exits in the condition of asymmetrical pedestrian distribution, and observes the self-organization phenomena in the process of simulation in order to reveal the inherent law of pedestrian flow evacuation with asymmetrical pedestrian distribution. Moreover, the simulation results of the improved and original models are compared and analyzed. The results indicate that the modified model can achieve the dynamic evacuation balance in the process of movement with asymmetrical pedestrian distribution. The improved model does not have to rely on the influence coefficient of every factor. Therefore, it avoids the subjectivity and the limitations of evacuation system in the process of making these factors. Evacuation time is related to radii of the direction fuzzy visual field and the region of pedestrian distribution in exits. If pedestrians can keep a lager radius of view in the direction fuzzy visual field and real-time master a moderate pedestrian’s distribution of exits, these should effectively improve the evacuation efficiency of pedestrian flow. The present study is helpful for devising evacuation strategies and schemes in buildings that are similar to this pedestrian flow.
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