Abstract
X-ray standing waves generated above flat surfaces will modulate local electric field intensity distributions and in turn alter surface scattering patterns. Such an effect is uncovered in the grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering study of the two-dimensional (2D) colloidal superlattices deposited on Si substrates. There are appreciable differences between the scattering patterns of a single particle simulated by the conventional and multislice distorted-wave Born approximation methods. The single-particle scattering effect is much amplified by the periodic arrangement of the 2D hexagonal superlattice, rendering it experimentally detectable. Numerical simulations incorporating the x-ray standing wave modulated surface scattering effect show remarkable agreement with the experimental data.
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