Experimental evidence for large dynamic effects on the plasmon dispersion of subwavelength metal nanoparticle waveguides

Abstract

We present angle- and frequency-resolved optical extinction measurements to determine the dispersion relation of plasmon modes on Ag and Au nanoparticle chains with pitches down to $75\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$. The large splitting between transverse and longitudinal modes and the band curvature are inconsistent with reported electrostatic near-field models and confirm that far-field retarded interactions are important, even for $\ensuremath{\lambda}∕5$-sized structures. The data imply that lower propagation losses, larger signal bandwidth, and larger maximum group velocity than expected can be achieved for wave vectors below the light line. We conclude that for the design of optical nanocircuits coherent far-field couplings across the entire circuit need to be considered, even at subwavelength feature sizes.