Abstract
It is well known that nonlinear systems, as well as linear time-varying systems, are characterized by non-stationary response signals. In this sense, they both show natural frequencies that are not constant over time; this variation has however different origins: for a time-varying system the mass, and possibly the stiffness distributions, are changing over time, while for a nonlinear system the natural frequencies are amplitude-dependent. An interesting case of time-varying system occurs when analyzing the transit of a train over a railway bridge, easily simulated by the crossing of a moving load over a beam. In this case, the presence of a nonlinearity in the beam behaviour can cause a significant alteration of the modal parameters extracted from the linearized model, such that the contributions of the two effects are no more distinguishable.
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