Abstract
Based on an extensive magnitude estimation experiment, a new color appearance model for unrelated self-luminous stimuli, CAM15u, has been designed. With the spectral radiance of the stimulus as unique input, the model predicts the brightness, hue, colorfulness, saturation and amount of white. The main features of the model are the use of the CIE 2006 cone fundamentals, the inclusion of an absolute brightness scale and a very simple calculation procedure. The CAM15u model performs much better than existing models and has been validated by a validation experiment. The model is applicable to unrelated self-luminous stimuli with an angular extent of 10° and a photopic, but non-glare-inducing, luminance level.
Highlights
The appearance of a stimulus as perceived by an observer is the result of complex and multistage processes associated with human color vision, such as the sensitivity of the cones, cone-compression, opponent modulation, non-linearity of the human visual system, the color and intensity of the background and surround, the intensity, size and context of the stimulus, etc
The main features of the model are the use of the CIE 2006 cone fundamentals [9], the inclusion of an absolute brightness scale, the inclusion of the Helmholtz-Kohlrausch effect, the amount of white as an alternative perceptual attribute to saturation and colorfulness and a simplified calculation procedure
The stimulus is produced by a number of red, green, blue and white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) mounted inside a white cylindrical cavity covered with a diffusor
Summary
The appearance of a stimulus as perceived by an observer is the result of complex and multistage processes associated with human color vision, such as the sensitivity of the cones, cone-compression, opponent modulation, non-linearity of the human visual system, the color and intensity of the background and surround, the intensity, size and context of the stimulus, etc. The model has been developed and validated using data obtained in a magnitude estimation experiment in which twenty observers have rated more than 150 unrelated self-luminous stimuli for three absolute perceptual attributes: brightness, hue and amount of white This new CAM for unrelated colors, CAM15u, is shown to be accurate and to outperform existing models using the results of a validation experiment. To create and validate a new CAM for unrelated self-luminous colors, a test set of 105 stimuli and a validation set of 52 stimuli were carefully selected (see Fig. 2) These stimuli, spectrally measured using a radiance detection head and a calibrated spectrograph, were chosen to cover a large portion of the chromaticity diagram. Their 10° luminance values were randomly selected from a 6 to 60 cd/m2 luminance range, which provides photopic stimulus viewing conditions while avoiding glare
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