Abstract
Fermentation of gases from biomass gasification, named syngas, is an important alternative process to obtain biofuels. Sequential experimental designs were used to increase cell growth and ethanol production during syngas fermentation by Clostridium carboxidivorans. Based on ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) 2713 medium composition, it was possible to propose a best medium composition for cell growth, herein called TYA (Tryptone-Yeast extract-Arginine) medium and another one for ethanol production herein called TPYGarg (Tryptone-Peptone-Yeast extract-Glucose-Arginine) medium. In comparison to ATCC® 2713 medium, TYA increased cell growth by 77%, reducing 47% in cost and TPYGarg increased ethanol production more than four-times, and the cost was reduced by 31%. In 72 h of syngas fermentation in TPYGarg medium, 1.75-g/L of cells, 2.28 g/L of ethanol, and 0.74 g/L of butanol were achieved, increasing productivity for syngas fermentation.
Highlights
The world growing energy demand has incited important discussions about the current energy system based on fossil fuels
Medium 2713 Wilkins Chalgren Anaerobic Medium for C. carboxidivorans growth, which is composed of tryptone, 10 g/L; gelatin peptone, 10 g/L; yeast extract, 5 g/L; glucose, 1 g/L; sodium chloride, 5 g/L; l-arginine, 1 g/L; sodium pyruvate, 1 g/L; menadione, 0.5 mg/L; and hemin, 5 mg/L
The components that influence ethanol production can be observed in the Pareto diagram with the bars that extend beyond the red vertical line (Figure 1)
Summary
The world growing energy demand has incited important discussions about the current energy system based on fossil fuels. Alternative energy sources from renewable resources are needed mainly due to ever-higher amounts of greenhouse gas emissions and oil price fluctuation [1]. In this context, biofuels, especially ethanol and butanol, represent potential substitutes of fossil fuels, such as gasoline. Biofuels, especially ethanol and butanol, represent potential substitutes of fossil fuels, such as gasoline Those alcohols are produced through fermentation processes, mostly using sugarcane and corn as the raw material. The major disadvantage of these processes is the competition between food and fuel production [2]. Lignocellulosic feedstocks from agricultural waste or directly from energy crops emerge as alternative raw materials for biofuel production as they are inexpensive, renewable, and do not affect food supply [3,4]
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