Abstract
Currently there is no standard procedure for measuring the directional skid resistance of grooved pavements using the British pendulum tester (BPT). This study shows that BPT measured directional British pendulum numbers (BPNs) could over-estimate the actual directional BPN values of grooved pavements by more than 10 BPN at test angle of 90° to the grooves. The present study develops an experimental-cum-numerical procedure to provide corrections to measured directional BPNs of grooved pavements. Based on a single directional BPN measured in any test direction, the procedure permits one to calculate the full range of corrected directional BPNs at test angles between 0 and 90°. Corrected BPNs are derived from rubber-pavement friction coefficients back-calculated from measured BPNs. This was achieved through the application of two numerical skid resistance simulation models: a finite-element BPT simulation model and a finite-element sliding tire simulation model. The validity of the proposed approach was verified experimentally.
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