EXPERIMENTAL BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN DIFFERENT LABORATORY ANIMAL MODELS (REVIEW ARTICLE)

Abstract

The study of the mechanisms of allergic inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness underlying bronchial asthma in animal experiments allows a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of these processes in humans. Therefore, experimental animals are widely used to study the physiology and pathophysiology of the respiratory tract, as well as research on the search for improved methods of treatment. In connection with this, today the relevance of this kind of work increases again due to the need to find pathogenetically justified methods of treatment of bronchial asthma. In order to work on the development of a new formulation of allergy vaccine for subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy, it is necessary to correctly determine the type of animal to model experimental bronchial asthma. For this purpose, a systematic search of scientific information was carried out about the specifics of modeling experimental bronchial asthma on different types of laboratory animals. To compile this review, a comprehensive search was conducted for publications in electronic databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar, eLibrary. A number of experimental models of asthma in animals are described in the literature, which are used to study various aspects of pathogenesis and to test new ways of treating bronchial asthma. At the same time, each model has certain features that limit the scope of its use. Among large animals, rabbits, rhesus macaques, cats, dogs, horses, and sheep have been used to study allergies, since they are predisposed to develop allergic responses to antigens clinically relevant to humans. But most often mice and rats are used in modeling of the bronchial asthma. But every model has their own specific applications. This article describes the features of using different types of laboratory animals in modeling bronchial asthma.