Abstract
This paper reported the utilization of water spray for controlling H2S release in a confined space, which is especially important in industry. A typical spray tower was modified to simulate the confined space for people's enterable routine operation (e.g., pump room), in which the dilution capacity of water sprays can also be evaluated. This work consists of two parts: the first part focuses on the influences of different operating conditions on chemical dilution capacities of water sprays in mechanisms; the second one is comparison between two nozzle configurations for evaluating their feasibilities of practical application. Water sprays express eligible performance for H2S release control even though their dilution capacity was weakened at high gaseous concentrations and rates of releases. The presence of Na2CO3can significantly improve absorption effectiveness of H2S in water and the optimal Na2CO3additive was found to be 1.0 g·L−1in this test. Compared with Na2CO3, adjusting water flow rate may be an effective strategy in enhancing dilution capacity of water sprays due to the fact that larger flow rate led to both less dilution time (TD) and dilution concentration (CD). Furthermore, multinozzle configuration is more efficient than single-nozzle configuration under the same water consumption.
Highlights
A variety of factory employees are killed or seriously injured each year in confined space due to accidental releases of hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
The first part of this paper is to investigate the influences of different experimental parameters on the dilution capacity
Many previous assessment methods include dilution ratio (DR), forced dispersion coefficient (FD), and mitigation factor (DF), which were almost defined as the ratio of the free dispersion gas concentration to the concentration in presence of spraying [3, 5, 7]
Summary
A variety of factory employees are killed or seriously injured each year in confined space due to accidental releases of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). A small limited space which receives minimal ventilation is conducive to the accumulation of hazardous gases and can constitute serious detriments to laborers once the accident occurred. An example is the pump room of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), in which the emissions of H2S commonly occur because of pipelines corrosion and irregular operation. The consequences will be disastrous especially when a high concentration gaseous release of H2S takes place. It is known that inhalation of H2S higher than 1000 ppm can cause an instantaneous death after a few breaths. The effective resolutions for controlling accidental release of H2S in confined space remain deficient
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