Abstract
The use of Wireless Sensor Networks in industrial environments imposes critical requirements such as low latency, high reliability, and robustness. To address these constraints, the IEEE 802.15 Task Group 4e developed the amendment IEEE 802.15.4e with three new MAC operation modes: TSCH, DSME, and LLDN. This paper aims to assess the feasibility of implementing the LLDN operation mode in low-cost commercial nodes and their capacity to meet industrial applications’ timing and reliability requirements. LLDN services were implemented in COTS nodes using C programming language with Atmel provided stacks. In order to validate this implementation, a set of experimental scenarios was conducted and the measurement results were compared to simulation results available in the state of the art.
Highlights
I oT technologies enable the transformation of data into information and knowledge, which can be used in different production planning and control sectors, becoming an essential pillar for Industry 4.0
This paper aims to carry out an analysis of the feasibility of implementing the Low Latency Deterministic Network (LLDN) mode of the IEEE 802.15.4e protocol in low-cost commercial nodes, assessing compliance with the requirements imposed by the industrial environment as well as identifying possible improvements in the mode of operation and hardware limitations
A mathematical model is presented for the network with the proposed enhancement and the paper conclude that the approach enables a reduction in message delivery delay up to 90% compared to the standard LLDN for emergency enabled nodes
Summary
I oT technologies enable the transformation of data into information and knowledge, which can be used in different production planning and control sectors, becoming an essential pillar for Industry 4.0 In this regard, wireless sensor networks (WSN) are considered adequate infrastructures for implementing last-link communication for smart IoT devices. IEEE 802.15.4 [1] is the de facto communication standard for WSN nodes by specifying medium access control (MAC) and physical (PHY) layers that provide low-rate and lowpower wireless communication. This standard has not adequately addressed critical requirements of industrial IoT applications such as low latency, high reliability and robustness. DSME mode supports frequency multiplexing and adopts a beacon-enabled multi-superframe structure comprising a flexible Collision Free Period (CFP), allowing pairs of nodes to allocate collision-free Guaranteed Time Slots (GTS) for their point-to-point communication
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