Abstract
Communication networks are a key element in the development of Smart Cities. This field is a constantly evolving environment, for which new protocols are constantly appearing. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the technologies, the most appropriate candidate must be selected in order to get the best performance to satisfy the application requirements. One of these protocols is Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), particularly with the upgrades introduced in version 5.x. Its new features are focused on providing increased range, improving robustness, and expanding beaconing capabilities. Connectionless applications such as information broadcasting in Smart Cities could take advantage of this protocol. Furthermore, the wide availability on common devices (mobile phones, car infotainment, etc.), the deployment of these applications can be carried out easily and at low cost. This paper presents an experimental evaluation of the new robust, long-range radio mode of BLE over a set of Smart Cities scenarios, taking into account different conditions such as wireless interference, distances, dynamicity, etc. The results show a promising performance of the protocol even with these constraints.
Highlights
There is currently a great deal of interest in the development and implementation of infrastructures and applications for Smart Cities
The work presented in [1] highlights how the IoT (Internet of Things) is still in an evolutionary phase and must still face many challenges, including interoperability between agents and devices, economic aspects, problems related to mobility and dynamism, and the standardization of solutions and technologies
There is talk of digital exclusion from society, i.e., users who are difficult to reach, either because of social exclusion or because they are too young or too old ( Bluetooth technology can be an advantage in this respect, as it is integrated in many common devices such as cell phones or tablets)
Summary
The work presented in [1] highlights how the IoT (Internet of Things) is still in an evolutionary phase and must still face many challenges, including interoperability between agents and devices (due to heterogeneity), economic aspects, problems related to mobility and dynamism (mobility-related problem), and the standardization of solutions and technologies. These needs are analysed in [2], where the standards are reviewed (there are more than 1800 related standards) with the different definitions of the Smart. In [3], a bibliometric study on IoT research and applications
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