Experimental animal models in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Abstract

Objective To review the advantages and disadvantages of common attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) animal models, published in 2000-2014 at home and abroad, with an attempt to provide new ideas for the future study of the pathogenesis in ADHD. Methods Major online database including CNKI, Wan Fang databases, OVID, Pubmed databases were searched in January 2015, using the key words attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , animal models and so on, to analysis the advantages and disadvantages of each type of experimental animal models and research value in ADHD. Results Totally 29 studies were enrolled, and the analysis show that the current commonly used experimental animal models of ADHD are spontaneously hypertensive rats, dopamine transporter gene knockout mice, lack of mutant mice model, neonatal 6 hydroxy dopamine damage of juvenile rat model, neonatal hypoxic rats model, X-ray irradiation injury model of rat hippocampus and other brain tissue damage model and isolated feeding model, and each animal model has the advantages, disadvantages and special research value of the pathogenesis of ADHD . Conclusion The specific pathogenesis of ADHD is unclear, but the neuroendocrine changes especially HPA axis attracted much attention in recent years.this paper summarizes the research at home and abroad comparison of several common animal models of ADHD. neuroendocrine changes in SHR and ADHD children have a certain degree of consistency in HPA axis, looking for ADHD children and SHR in neuroendocrine aspects of consistency is likely to open a new path to search the pathogenesis in ADHD. Key words: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Spontaneously hypertensive rat; Dopamine transporter; Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis