Experimental and theoretical substantiation of the mechanism of the trophic influence of a function on the structural organization of the bone. Physiological restructuring

Abstract

In biomechanical experiments on isolated fresh and wet long bones of dogs, the features of the distribution of compressive and tensile mechanical stresses were studied, the hydrodynamic effects of elastic deformations were visualized, and their dependence on the nature, magnitude and frequency of variable loads was established. The conditions for adaptation of long bones to persistent changes in the functional load have been clarified. Based on the data obtained, it was established that the influence of the mechanical factor is realized through the hydrodynamic effects of elastic deformations, which are considered as an important physiological mechanism for the regulation of intraosseous microcirculation, and, consequently, bone tissue trophism. From these positions, the significance of the functional factor in the physiological restructuring of the bone, the occurrence of certain types of orthopedic pathology, and its role in the rehabilitation of patients with diseases and injuries of the musculoskeletal system are explained.