Abstract
The effect of sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) on the interaction mechanism of polyvinyl alcohol and poly (4-styrene sulfonic acid) (PVA/PSS) matrix is investigated in this paper. Pure PVA/PSS, PVA/PSS/graphene oxide (GO) and PVA/PSS/SGO nanocomposites are prepared by the freeze-thaw method. The glutaraldehyde (GLA) is used as a crosslinking agent to improve the stability of the materials. The sulfonation of GO is confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) analyses. The fully exfoliation of GO is recognized using a transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). All the nanocomposites are characterized using FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).A theoretical molecular simulation of the nanocomposites systems is performed to elucidate the different energies associated with the interfacial interactions. A strong interaction energy is determined due to the presence of different functional groups within the systems. The hydrogen bonding of the OH, COOH, SO3H and C-O-C groups show a EH-bond energy for the PVA/PSS/SGO system (−735.39 kcal/mol) which is higher than the corresponding of PVA/PSS/GO (−686.86 kcal/mol). The effect of the sulfonated group is more significant than that of the carboxylic group, due to both the higher polarity and higher electronegativity of the sulfonic acid group.
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