Abstract
1-3 type piezocomposites are very attractive materials for transducers and biomedical application, due to its high electromechanical coupling effects. Reliability study on 1-3 piezocomposites subjected to cyclic loading condition in transducer application is one of the primary concern. Hence, this study focuses on 1-3 piezocomposites for various PZT5A1 fiber volume fraction subjected to electrical fatigue loading up-to 106 cycles and at various elevated temperature. Initially experiments are performed on 1-3 piezocomposites, in order to understand the degradation phenomena due to various range in amplitude of electric fields (unipolar & bipolar), frequency of applied electric field and for various ambient temperature. Performing experiments for high cycle fatigue and for different fiber volume fraction of PZT5A1 is a time consuming process. Hence, a simplified macroscopic uni-axial model based on physical mechanisms of domain switching and continuum damage mechanics has been developed to predict the non-linear fatigue behaviour of 1-3 piezocomposites for temperature dependent electrical fatigue loading conditions. In this model, damage effects namely domain pinning, frozen domains and micro cracks, are considered as a damage variable (ω). Remnant variables and material properties are considered as a function of internal damage variable and the growth of the damage is derived empirically based on the experimental observation to predict the macroscopic changes in the properties. The measured material properties and dielectric hysteresis (electric displacement vs. electric field) as well as butterfly curves (longitudinal strain vs. electric field) are compared with the simulated results. It is observed that variation in amplitude of bipolar electric field and temperature has a strong influence on the response of 1-3 piezocomposites.
Highlights
Piezoelectric materials are a class of smart materials, which play a major role in design of sensors and actuators
A simplified macroscopic uni-axial model based on physical mechanisms of domain switching and continuum damage mechanics has been developed to predict the non-linear fatigue behaviour of 1-3 piezocomposites for temperature dependent electrical fatigue loading conditions
In this work experiments are performed under electrical fatigue with bipolar electric field (amplitude beyond the coercive electric field (Ec)), at elevated temperatures
Summary
Piezoelectric materials are a class of smart materials, which play a major role in design of sensors and actuators. We have numerous choice of piezoelectric materials, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is preferred for transducer applications due to its high electromechanical coupling and response at higher frequencies(MHz).[1] Piezoelectric materials exhibit linear response for low external fields. It exhibits non-linear behavior for higher electric field and/or stresses. The reliability of PZT transducers is influenced by four major mechanisms of damage such as aging, fatigue, micro-cracks and dielectric breakdown.
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