Experimental and theoretical analysis of the solar adsorption refrigeration system under south Iraq climate condition

Abstract

This study investigates the performance of a solar adsorption refrigeration system utilizing activated carbon and methanol as the adsorbent/adsorbate combination in the context of the climate conditions in southern Iraq. The primary aim is to develop an efficient and environmentally friendly refrigeration technology that can operate off-grid, particularly in regions with limited access to electricity. Through a combination of experimental trials and theoretical analysis, the research explores the impact of factors such as solar radiation intensity, collector design, and operational parameters on system efficiency. The findings reveal that the tubular form of the collector/adsorber enhances system performance by simplifying maintenance and reducing the risk of leaks. Additionally, the study demonstrates the system's capability to cool water significantly, showcasing its potential for practical applications. The key contribution of this research lies in its innovative approach to solar refrigeration technology, offering a sustainable solution for cooling needs in challenging environments. The solar-driven refrigerator achieves a COP of 0.38 (ambient 30 °C) using 5.5 kg of carbon and 0.24 kg of methanol. Collector efficiency reaches 43 % under peak sun (847 W/m2), with a theoretical maximum of 51 % (1000 W/m2). The refrigerator cools 1 L of water from 30 °C to −0.6 °C, demonstrating its potential for sustainable refrigeration and reduced reliance on fossil fuels. These findings contribute to advancing solar-driven refrigeration and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. To counteract climate change, this work lays out a practical road towards sustainable refrigeration.