Abstract
Rainfall runoff collection in ephemeral streams is an objective in semi-arid zones. Rack intake systems are proposed to collect these flash floods with intensive sediment transport. The design parameters address the problem of clogging the spacing between bars. Experiments for two different void ratio racks are shown. Flows, longitudinal slopes in the rack, and water with three gravel-sized sediments were tested. Results such as effective void ratio due to the gravel deposition over the rack, the evolution of the flow rejected during each test, and the quantification of materials collected and deposited, are presented. The optimal longitudinal rack slope seems to be close to 30%. The effective void ratio is related to several hydraulic parameters calculated at the beginning of the rack. Some adjustments were proposed to predict the effective void ratio.
Highlights
Bottom rack intakes are used in mountain streams with rapidly changing flow rates, shallow waters with high velocities, and sediment laden transport ranging from sand to boulders
Longitudinal Flow Profile longitudinal flow profiles over the center of the bars calculated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were compared The longitudinal flow profiles the center of the with CFD
The shape of bars and spacing between them, as well as the longitudinal rack slope are parameters that need to be considered as a function of the sediment transport that occurs in the river
Summary
Bottom rack intakes are used in mountain streams with rapidly changing flow rates, shallow waters with high velocities, and sediment laden transport ranging from sand to boulders. In the presence of mud flows [1,2] These regions make difficult the building of large dam-reservoir systems. To avoid the obstruction of the racks, recommendations are basedononprototype prototype observations [1–. To avoid the obstruction of the racks, recommendations are based observations [1,2,3,4,5]: 5]:. Increment of the opening area of the rack by consideration of the surface partially clogging. Increment of the opening area of the rack by consideration of the surface partially clogging with with factor of of around around 1.5–2.0.
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