Abstract
Abstract. In this study, the possibility of simulating some transient and deterministic extreme operational conditions for horizontal axis wind turbines based on the IEC 61400-1 standard using 60 individually controlled fans in the Wind Engineering, Energy and Environment (WindEEE) Dome at Western University was investigated. Experiments were carried out for the extreme operational gust (EOG), positive and negative extreme vertical shear (EVS), and extreme horizontal shear (EHS) cases, tailored for a scaled 2.2 m horizontal axis wind turbine. For this purpose, firstly a numerical model for the test chamber was developed and used to obtain the fans' configurations for simulating each extreme condition with appropriate scaling prior to the physical experiments. The results show the capability of using numerical modelling to predict the fans' setup based on which physical simulations can generate IEC extreme conditions in the range of interest.
Highlights
Wind energy is one of the primary sources of renewable energy for mitigation of the increasing global energy demand
One of the basic factors for this market to thrive is a continued reduction of the levellized cost of electricity (LCOE), which is enhanced by ensuring the lifetime of the wind energy systems is reliably long (Ueckerdt et al, 2013)
A hybrid experimental–numerical study has been carried out to investigate the possibility of creating extreme conditions for a scaled horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) based on the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61400-1 standard, in particular the extreme operational gust (EOG) and extreme wind shears (EWSs), using a unique 60-fan setup in the WindEEE dome at Western University
Summary
Wind energy is one of the primary sources of renewable energy for mitigation of the increasing global energy demand. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has some deterministic design codes for commercial horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) in operating conditions, in the third edition of the IEC 61400 part one (IEC, 2005) These extreme models are relatively simple and are not able to capture the true coherent turbulent wind characteristics (Cheng and Bierbooms, 2001; Hansen and Larsen, 2007; Wächter et al, 2012). This is especially true in complex terrain where the gust time evolution profiles are highly asymmetric and non-Gaussian (Hu et al, 2018) It has motivated the most recent edition of the IEC standard (IEC, 2019) to utilize statistical methods for characterizing extreme gust event performance and extrapolation of load cases. Progressing to a stochastic experimental approach is left for future work and will be very challenging
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