Abstract
"The present study aims to study the dissolution and mass transport of trichloroethylene (TCE) as Dense Non Aqueous Phase Liquid (DNAPL) in saturated porous media." A rectangular Perspex tank of internal dimensions (150cm length 20cm width and 40 cm height) used to represent the model aquifer. The tank was packed with homogenous soil (Karbala sand)"."Unidirectional flow at five different interstitial velocities (0.9, 1.8, 2.34, 2.7, and 3.6) cm/hr assumed to study the process. The average mass transfer coefficient" was determined for each velocity .Their values were increased with increasing the velocity reaching a limit value" .A conservative tracer is used to obtain the longitudinal and transverse aquifer dispersivities"."An elliptic shape of (TCE) pool was used to carry out the dissolution processes. Steady state dissolved (TCE) concentrations at downstream were collected from ten ports with two different depths under five interstitial velocities". Two linear relationships are created from an elliptic trichloroethylene pool: these relationships were between the average Peclet number in x-direction (Pe*x(e)) with the overall Sherwood number (Sh*(e )), and the other between the average Peclet number in y-direction (Pe*y(e) ) with the overall Sherwood number (Sh*(e))". A numerical modeling was achieved using COMSOL software.
Highlights
Natural subsurface water system contamination by Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (NAPLs), has taken a wide attention by numerous environmental scientists and engineers
After the spilling of NAPL, it migrates to the subsurface environment by the vadosezone, part of it may be confined and restrained within the in the shape of ganglia or pools, that are no more time takes to get in touch with the main body of (NAPL)
When NAPLs reaching the water table, the compounds that have densities more than water, which called sinkers; gives pressure head at the capillary fringe is large enough, continuing in downward migrate and leaving trapped ganglia until they touch the solid layer, where small cross section pools would stars form [2], while NAPLS compound that have densities lighter than of water "floaters, e.g., Petroleum products" would spread laterally when they reach the saturated region, forming a pool floating on the water table [3]
Summary
Natural subsurface water system contamination by Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (NAPLs), has taken a wide attention by numerous environmental scientists and engineers. The entrapped NAPLS both pools and ganglia would be a continuous ground water contamination source because of their low solubilities and slow dissolution rates within the ground water [1]. When NAPLs reaching the water table, the compounds that have densities more than water, which called sinkers (chlorinated solvents); gives pressure head at the capillary fringe is large enough, continuing in downward migrate and leaving trapped ganglia until they touch the solid layer (impermeable layer), where small cross section pools (a flat source zone) would stars form [2], while NAPLS compound that have densities lighter than of water "floaters, e.g., Petroleum products" would spread laterally when they reach the saturated region, forming a pool floating on the water table [3]. The"experimental and numerical studies"that focused on the dissolution process of NAPL in three dimensions are very limited [5,17,18,19,20,and 21].The present study focused on the dissolution of trichlororethylene as (DNAPL) in three dimensional saturated" homogeneous, and isotropic porous medium"
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