Abstract
The paper presents results obtained by experimental and numerical research focusing on the influence of the strikers’ geometry at the images of the destruction created in hybrid composite panels after applying impact load. In the research, the authors used four strikers with different geometry. The geometries were designed to keep the same weight for each of them. The composite panels used in the experiment were reinforced with aramid and carbon fabrics. An epoxy resin was used as a matrix. The experiments were carried with an impact kinetic energy of 23.5 J. The performed microscopy tests allowed for determination of destruction mechanisms of the panels depending on the geometry of the striker. The numerical calculations were performed using the finite element method. Each reinforcement layer of the composite was modeled as a different part. The bonded connection between the reinforcement layers was modeled using bilateral constraints. That approach enabled engineers to observe the delamination process during the impact. The results obtained from experimental and numerical investigations were compared. The authors present the impact of the striker geometry on damage formed in a composite panel. Formed damage was discussed. On the basis of the results from numerical research, energy absorption of the composite during impact depending on the striker geometry was discussed. It was noted that the size of the delamination area depends on the striker geometry. It was also noted that the diameter of the delamination area is related to the amount of damage in the reinforcing layers.
Highlights
Energy absorbing panels are installed wherever there is a risk of damage to important machine components, human life, or health risk
Because of the plastic character of aramid fiber destruction, the damages in the panel reflected the striker geometry, and the depth of the penetration could be calculated based in the panel reflected the striker geometry, and the depth of the penetration could be calculated based on the cavity diameter and the geometry of the used striker
There were no damages in the reinforcing layers, but only, as numerical research showed, the integrity of the bonded connection between the reinforcing layers was broken
Summary
Energy absorbing panels are installed wherever there is a risk of damage to important machine components, human life, or health risk. The most demanding branch of industry in which we deal with energy-absorbing shields is the military industry [4]. In the case of the military application, energy absorbing panels depending on this purpose must meet the relevant requirements set out in the standards [5,6]. The designed covers must meet a number of different requirements. The important criterion is the degree of energy absorption. An increasingly important aspect of the newly designed solutions is to minimize their weight [7,8]. The demand for solutions using composite materials is growing [9]
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