Abstract
Rigid metallic fiber structures made from a variety of different metals and alloys have been investigated mainly with regard to their functional properties such as heat transfer, pressure drop, or filtration characteristics. With the recent advent of aluminum and magnesium-based fiber structures, the application of such structures in light-weight crash absorbers has become conceivable. The present paper therefore elucidates the mechanical behavior of rigid sintered fiber structures under quasi-static and dynamic loading. Special attention is paid to the strongly anisotropic properties observed for different directions of loading in relation to the main fiber orientation. Basically, the structures show an orthotropic behavior; however, a finite thickness of the fiber slabs results in moderate deviations from a purely orthotropic behavior. The morphology of the tested specimens is examined by computed tomography, and experimental results for different directions of loading as well as different relative densities are presented. Numerical calculations were carried out using real structural data derived from the computed tomography data. Depending on the direction of loading, the fiber structures show a distinctively different deformation behavior both experimentally and numerically. Based on these results, the prevalent modes of deformation are discussed and a first comparison with an established polymer foam and an assessment of the applicability of aluminum fiber structures in crash protection devices is attempted.
Highlights
In contrast to textile fleeces, felts, and other non-bonded fiber-based structures, the present investigation focuses on the mechanical behavior of rigid fibers structures made from sintered short metallic fibers
Note that the set of curves of samples of almost the same relative density (0.27 and 0.28, respectively) but different direction of loading are intersecting at a relative deformation of approximately 25% to 50%
The deformation of sintered metal fiber structure (SMFS) subjected to compressive loading parallel and perpendicular to the main fiber performance, the tested fiber structure is much denser than the polymer foam and, reaches about
Summary
In contrast to textile fleeces, felts, and other non-bonded fiber-based structures, the present investigation focuses on the mechanical behavior of rigid fibers structures made from sintered short metallic fibers. By and large, they belong to the realm of metallic foams or so-called cellular metals. The quasi-static test results cited in [1] have been re-evaluated with regard to energy absorption These results are complemented by new dynamic compression tests performed on a different set of samples which are accompanied by the simulation of the deformation behavior in order to gain more insight into the governing failure mechanisms
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