Abstract
Collision on reinforced concrete (RC) piers by moving vessels or vehicles is a significant issue. This paper presents the static and impact behavior of RC piers with different hollow ratios. Three specimens were statically tested to obtain the load-displacement response. Low-velocity collision on eleven RC piers was conducted under the same velocity of 2.42 m/s. The damage process, failure mode, and force response were comprehensively analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the hollow ratio plays a significant role in the failure mode and ultimate load of RC piers under static and impact loadings. For RC piers with a hollow ratio of 0 and 0.4, the global failure dominated the damage process. However, failure of piers with a hollow ratio of 0.6 was governed by the local damage near the loading point. The static load capacities of the RC piers with a hollow ratio of 0.4 and 0.6 were 1.27% and 60.5% smaller than that of the solid pier, respectively. RC piers with a higher hollow ratio or lighter drop weight suffer smaller peak impact force. The increase of the longitudinal reinforcements leads to a promotion of the peak and mean impact force. Furthermore, the numerically predicted failure modes and impact load response show satisfactory agreement with the experimental results.
Highlights
Reinforced concrete (RC) structures are commonly used in bridge engineering across the world
Bridge piers are vulnerable to accidental impacts by moving vessels or vehicles, which may trigger localized damage or even total collapse of bridge structures [1,2,3]. e structural safety under impact load should be carefully assessed. e impact load due to vessel or vehicle collision is characterized by a high intensity but a short duration
Fujikake et al [5] carried out drop hammer impact tests and nonlinear analysis on RC beams considering variations of drop heights and longitudinal rebars. e amount of reinforcements had a significant effect on the failure modes. e dynamic response and impact force-time histories were mainly affected by the drop height and the flexural rigidity of RC beams
Summary
Reinforced concrete (RC) structures are commonly used in bridge engineering across the world. Zhu et al [31] experimentally and numerically investigated the lateral impact performance of hollow and partially concrete-filled steel tubular columns. Wang et al [32, 33] experimentally and numerically investigated the influence of some key factors (such as impact height, hollow ratio, axial load) on the impact force and displacement response of concrete-filled double steel tubular members. Wang et al [35] investigated the influence of axial force on impact performances of concrete-filled steel tubular members and proposed an analytical method to calculate the deflection by equivalent single degree of freedom (SDOF) model. E design variables included the hollow ratio, the amount of longitudinal reinforcements, and the impact energy Effect of these parameters on the failure mode and load response was comprehensively analyzed. Numerical models of the impact test were further developed using ANSYS/LS-DYNA. e simulated failure modes and load histories were compared with the experimental results
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