Experimental and Computational Investigations of Thermal Patterns and Relative Humidity in Different Surgical Operating Theatres

Abstract

The present work fosters experimental measurements and mathematical modelling techniques to primarily determine the thermal and the relative humidity characteristics in the airconditioned surgical operating theatre. The present work also demonstrates the effect of the various designs of surgical operating theatres and operational parameters on the flow pattern and temperatures characteristics. The present work is a part of a more comprehensive investigation of the more important factors affecting the air environments in surgical operating theatre. Measured and predicted temperatures and relative humidity profiles are shown to be in good agreement. The present paper introduces several recommendations regarding the optimum design requirements of operating theatres to provide hygiene and comfort environment. Relative humidity affects our comfort in numerous ways both directly and indirectly. It is a thermal sensation, skin moisture, and discomfort, tactile sensation of fabrics, health and perception of air quality. Low humidity affects comfort and health. Comfort complaints about dry nose, throat, eyes and skin occur in low humidity conditions, typically when the dew point is less than 0 o C. Low humidity can lead to drying of the skin and mucous surfaces. On respiratory surfaces, drying can concentrate mucous to the extent that celery clearance and phagocyte activities are reduced, increasing susceptibility to respiratory disease as well as comfort. It was found that any increase in humidity from the low winter levels decreased absenteeism. Excessive drying of the skin can lead to lesions, skin roughness, and discomfort and impair the skin’s protective functions. Dusty environments can further exacerbate low humidity dry skin conditions; it was also found that drying from low humidity can contribute to irritation. Eye discomfort increased with time in low humidity environments with dew point temperature less than 2 o C.