Experimental Analysis of the Reaction Rate of Hydrated Class G Cement Powder at 11 bar PCO2 and Ambient Temperature

Abstract

The aim of this work is to study the alteration of class G Cement at ambient temperature under a relatively high CO2 partial pressure through suitably designed laboratory experiments, in which cement hydration and carbonation are taken into account separately. First, the hydration process was carried out for 28 days to identify and quantify the hydrated solid phases formed. After the completion of hydration, accompanied by partial carbonation under atmospheric conditions, the carbonation process was investigated using a stirred micro-reactor by reacting cement powder with pure CO2(g) (PCO2 = 11 bar) and MilliQ water for different reaction times. The reaction time was varied to constrain the reaction kinetics of the carbonation process and to investigate the evolution of primary and secondary solid phases. Mineralogical analyses (X-ray Powder Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscope) were carried out to this purpose. Water analyses were also performed by ion chromatography at the end of each experimental run to investigate the chemical effects of cement carbonation on the aqueous solution. The carbonation degree was calculated from the results of Thermo-Gravimetric analysis (TGA). The main results of these experiments is the quick conversion of portlandite and Ca1.60SiO3.6·2.58H2O (C-S-H) to calcite. In fact, the carbonation degree attains 80% after 6 hours of reaction time. Experimental outcomes will be simulated by means of the PHREEQC software package to obtain further indications on cement carbonation