Experimental 3D characterization and parametrization of an anisotropic constitutive law for a synthetic nonwoven

Abstract

The usage of synthetic nonwoven materials is gaining importance in filtration. However, the complex material behavior of these synthetic, fiber-based materials is challenging for the manufacturing departments. The materials are exhibiting a highly anisotropic elastic-plastic material behavior. A material testing program was conducted to characterize the unknown characteristic material behavior of synthetic nonwoven filter media in all three spatial directions for the load cases of tension, compression, and shear for the first time. For conversion processes like cutting, embossing, calendering, and pleating, the out-of-plane properties are essential for the accurate description of the material behavior. Using an ARCAN device, it is possible to do the necessary tests to determine the out-of-plane properties. The test results were used to calibrate a suited anisotropic material model for fibrous and porous materials. Parallels and differences in the characteristic material behavior between cellulose and synthetic nonwoven filter media are discussed.