Abstract
The experiment is conducted with a high-speed camera to investigate the breakup processes of liquid jets in uniform, shear-laden, and swirling cross-airflows. The liquid used in the test is water, the nozzle diameter is 2 mm, and the liquid-to-air momentum flux ratio q ranges from 5 to 3408.5. The results indicate that liquid jets break up to form small droplets in the uniform cross-airflow. There is an exponential relation between the broken position and q. In the shear-laden cross-airflow, the penetration depth of the jet is similar to that of the uniform case, both of which increase with the increase of q. When q and the mean Weber number are the same as the uniform case, the penetration depth of the jet increases by 25% when the velocity ratio of the upper and lower inlets is UR=5; the jet penetration depth decreases by 47.2% when the ratio of UR=0.2 and the jet breaks up quickly and the atomization effect will be better. In the swirling cross-airflow, the jet trajectory is similar to the uniform case and also satisfies the exponential property. When the swirl is weak (swirling number SN=0.49), the jet penetration depth increases compared to the uniform case; when the swirl is strong (SN=0.82), the cross-swirling airflow restrains the jet penetration depth.
Highlights
In recent years, the leading gas turbine companies of the world have begun research on low-NOx emissions under high-thrust conditions
Inamura et al [2] found that the liquid jet will bend into the cross-flow until the surface breaks into small droplets
Wu et al [3] observed by experiment that the liquid jet in the cross-flow eventually splits into a liquid belt and further small-sized droplets
Summary
The leading gas turbine companies of the world have begun research on low-NOx emissions under high-thrust conditions. Becker and Hassa [7] measured liquid fuel injection into a lean premixed preevaporative combustion combustor with a double annular reverse swirler to study the effects of fuel density and fuel flow on the jet breakup and found that fuel droplets can follow the cross-flow path. Govindaraj et al [10] investigate the effect of increase in the Weber number at a constant momentum flux ratio on the primary breakup process and the deformation of a kerosene jet in the cross-stream airflow. Unsteady computational analysis with the VOF approach is carried out to simulate the two-phase flow at three different cross-flow Weber number conditions (150, 350, and 400) at a constant momentum flux ratio of 17. A Kelvin-Helmholtz and Rayleigh-Taylor (KH-RT) hybrid wave breakup model is implemented to simulate the liquid column and droplet breakup process
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